Radiation Protection in Industrial Radiography: What OSHA Requires

Industrial radiography uses gamma rays or X-rays to inspect the internal structure of materials—commonly in pipelines, welds, and castings. While highly effective for non-destructive testing (NDT), this work exposes operators to ionizing radiation. To protect workers, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) enforces strict radiation safety regulations. Here’s what you need to know.

📜 What Is Industrial Radiography?

Industrial radiography is a non-invasive testing method where sealed radioactive sources (like iridium-192 or cobalt-60) or high-powered X-ray machines are used to examine materials. Because these sources can emit high doses of radiation, OSHA considers this a high-risk activity requiring rigorous safety controls.

⚖️ OSHA Standards That Apply

OSHA’s regulations for industrial radiography are outlined in 29 CFR 1910.1096 and closely align with guidance from the NRC and ANSI. Key sections include:

• Exposure limits for workers (no more than 5 rem/year)
• Controlled areas to restrict public access during exposures
• Shielding and source control requirements
• Dosimetry and monitoring rules
• Training and certification for radiographic personnel

🛡️ Shielding and Safety Equipment

OSHA mandates that radiation be reduced to as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA). This includes:

• Using portable lead shielding or permanent enclosures
• Shielded cameras and collimators for gamma ray sources
• Radiation survey meters to confirm safe levels

See what we offer for industrial radiation shielding.

📡 Monitoring and Dosimetry

All personnel working with radiation must be monitored using:

• Dosimeters (TLDs or OSLs) to track cumulative dose
• Pocket ion chambers or alarming dosimeters for real-time exposure alerts

OSHA requires workers to wear dosimetry devices whenever they’re near radiation-producing equipment or sources.

🚨 Warning Systems and Access Control

To prevent accidental exposure, OSHA requires:

• Posting radiation warning signs at controlled areas
• Alarms and flashing lights to signal exposures
• Physical barriers or ropes to restrict unauthorized entry

🎓 Training and Certification

Radiographic personnel must be:

• Formally trained in radiation safety and proper equipment use
• Tested and certified under state, NRC, or ANSI N43.10 standards
• Refreshed annually on emergency procedures, ALARA, and safe practices

📊 Summary Table: OSHA Requirements

🧠 Key Takeaways

• OSHA enforces strict controls to protect workers from radiation exposure in industrial radiography.
• Shielding, dosimetry, warning systems, and training are mandatory components of compliance.
• Companies must implement ALARA principles and ensure safety procedures are regularly reviewed.

📦 Need Compliant Shielding Solutions?

Intech offers certified shielding for industrial and radiographic environments. See how we can help you meet OSHA requirements by contacting an expert.